Discover how to approach main purpose and paragraph structure questions in SAT Digital Reading. Learn strategies, tips, and see illustrated examples to help you answer quickly and accurately, boosting your SAT score effectively!
Introduction to the Questions
When you’re working on the Reading section of the SAT, you’ll definitely come across a few questions that ask you to identify the main purpose and structure of a paragraph. It might seem tricky at first, but once you get the hang of it, you’ll find it much simpler and even fun! These questions test your ability to analyze and understand how the author builds their argument – it sounds complicated, but it’s actually just a few simple steps!
Example:
Here’s a sample passage:
“The rise of social media has transformed the way we communicate. It has allowed individuals to stay connected with friends and family members across the globe, breaking down geographical barriers. However, it also has its drawbacks, such as the potential for spreading misinformation.”
The question: What is the main purpose of the passage?
The correct answer would be “To discuss both the benefits and drawbacks of social media.” You’ll notice that the author mentions both the advantages and the downsides of social media!
Format of the Questions
At this point, you might be wondering: “What do these questions about the main purpose and paragraph structure actually look like?” Don’t worry, I’ll explain right now!
- Main Purpose Questions: These questions ask you about the main reason the author wrote the passage. For example: “What is the main purpose of the passage?” or “What is the primary goal of the author in the passage?” You just need to understand the author’s main reason for writing – simple as that!
Example:
Here’s a passage:
“The industrial revolution, beginning in the late 18th century, sparked a transformation in manufacturing and society. It was a period of rapid technological advancement, leading to increased productivity but also causing significant social changes.”
The question: What is the primary purpose of this passage?
The correct answer is: “To explain the effects of the industrial revolution on manufacturing and society.” - Paragraph Structure Questions: These questions focus on how the author organizes their ideas in the passage. You’ll need to identify how the author connects their ideas. For example: “How does the author develop the argument in paragraph 3?” or “What is the role of the first sentence in the second paragraph?”
Example:
Here’s a passage:
“Although many believe that increasing taxes will help fund public education, others argue that it may place a heavy burden on middle-class families. However, proponents of higher taxes contend that the long-term benefits, such as a better-educated workforce, will outweigh the costs.”
The question: What is the role of the first sentence in the second paragraph?
The correct answer is: “To present the opposing viewpoint to the author’s argument.”
Main Purpose and Main Idea
Main Purpose
When you see a question asking about the main purpose, you need to recognize the primary goal of the author. It could be to:
- Introduce a new topic
- Persuade the reader about a point of view
- Describe an event or phenomenon
- Present an analysis or explanation of an issue
Example:
Here’s a passage:
“The internet has revolutionized the way we access information. With just a few clicks, we can find answers to virtually any question, access educational resources, and stay informed about global events.”
The question: What is the main purpose of this passage?
The correct answer is: “To highlight the impact of the internet on information access.”
Main Idea
When the question asks you to find the main idea, you just need to figure out what the author is mainly trying to communicate in the paragraph. Typically, the topic sentence will help you understand right away!
Example:
Here’s a passage:
“The benefits of exercise are well-documented. Regular physical activity not only helps with weight management but also improves heart health and boosts mental well-being.”
The question: What is the main idea of the paragraph?
The correct answer is: “The benefits of regular exercise.”
How to Approach Main Purpose and Paragraph Structure Questions
To answer main purpose and paragraph structure questions effectively, you can follow these simple steps:
- Read the question and passage carefully: Don’t rush to pick an answer! First, read both the question and the passage thoroughly. Identifying the topic sentence will make the process a lot easier.
- Find the topic sentence: Every paragraph has a topic sentence that helps you figure out the main point of the paragraph. This sentence is usually found at the beginning or end of the paragraph.
Example:
Here’s a passage:
“Many people believe that public transportation is the key to reducing traffic congestion. However, there are challenges to implementing an efficient public transport system, including funding, infrastructure, and public support.”
The topic sentence: “Many people believe that public transportation is the key to reducing traffic congestion.” - Pay attention to structural signals: Words like “for example,” “however,” “therefore” help you understand how the author shifts from one idea to another, making it easier to recognize the structure of the passage.
- Ask yourself questions for each paragraph: After reading each paragraph, ask yourself, “What is the purpose of this paragraph?” and “What is the main idea of this paragraph?” Asking yourself these questions helps you pinpoint exactly what you need.
- Look for supporting evidence: To answer questions about the main purpose, look for details that support the reason the author wrote the passage.
Tips for the Test
To do well on main purpose and paragraph structure questions, remember to apply these tips:
- Skim first: Before diving into the details, skim through the passage to identify the topic sentences and concluding sentences.
Example:
Here’s a passage: “Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. Governments around the world are now recognizing the urgency of this challenge. However, while there is consensus about the need for action, disagreements remain on how to address the problem.”
The topic sentence: “Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time.” - Don’t rely on your gut feeling: Don’t pick answers based on what feels right! You need to find evidence in the passage to back up your choice.
- Don’t skip the conclusion: The conclusion of the paragraph often holds key information that helps you identify the main purpose.
- Practice a lot: The more you practice, the faster and more accurate you’ll become. Don’t be afraid to challenge yourself!
- Manage your time: Don’t spend too much time on one question. If you’re struggling, move on to the next question and come back to it if you have time later
The main purpose and paragraph structure questions in the SAT Digital Reading section might seem a little tricky at first, but once you understand the approach, it’ll become a lot easier. By practicing regularly and applying the tips above, you’ll not only answer questions more quickly but also score higher in the Reading section.
